Combination square



18, 1934- A. 1.. STOWELL COMBINATION SQUARE Filed May 28, 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet l Dec. 18, 1934. A. 1.. STOWELL COMBINATION SQUARE 2 SheetsSheet 2 Filed May 28, 1931 0r 2 a ll'lllllllll] llllllll :wumtov Auatm L. Jtowe Patented Dec. 18, 1934 I UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 1,984,951 I? Q communion saunas Austin L. Stowell, New Britain, 001111.; assiginor to The Stanley works-,iNewBi-itain, Conn acorporationof Qonnecticut application May 23, 19.31, serial No. 540,659 I 4 Claims. (o1. 313 '1 s).,

This invention has to do with the art 'of so'-' vide an improved square of this type wherein the called adjustable or combination squares and parts are so arranged and correlated that the is more particularly concerned with those devices clamping instrumentalities are always connected in which the head may be clamped to or removed to and carried by the head regardless of whether 7 from the blade. An adiustablesquare of the type or not'they have. been adjusted to permit. re- 5 involving the present invention comprises head moval of the blade or adjustment of the blade, and blade members together with suitable clampand the blade is held against accidentalremoval ing instrumentalities for operatively associating when the clamping instrumentalities have been these parts." Ordinarily, the head is provided adjusted to permit onlysliding movement between 10 with a channel in which is slidablyfitted-one edge the blade and the head. I 1

of the blade, and the clamping instrumentalities Other objects will be in part obvious andin part are arranged so that thehead may beclam'ped'to pointed out more in detail hereinafter. the blade at any desired point. I The invention accordingly consists in the fea- One of the now known devices of this type pertures of construction, combination of elements mits the: blade to be disengaged from the head so and arrangement of parts which will be exemplil5 as to allow for independent use of these'members fied in the construction hereinafter set forth and by merely loosening the clamping bolt. The the scope of the application of which will be inblade, when removed, 'may be "used as a scale or dicated in the appended claims. v straight edge, andthe head, .itself,.may beu'sed Forafull and more complete understanding 0 separately to gauge the inside of a45 angle. The of the invention, reference maybe had to the disadvantage of this construction arises from the following description and accompanying drawfact that, not infrequently, the blade, when the ings, wherein: v clamping bolt is released, will accidentallyslide Figure l is a plan'view'ofa combinationsquare out of the head and become lost. Another type made inaccordance withone embodiment of the ofcombination square now available on the present invention, dotted lines bringing out a 26 market is disclosed in the patent to Bodme'rNo. position'of the he'ad during the assembling of 1,213,578 issued January 23rd, 1917 and owned these parts; j 1' i 5 d bythe assignee of the present application. This Fig. 2 is an individual showing of the head. arrangement has the advantage of preventing s view is a section through the head taken 30 accidentalloss of the blade, when the clamping abouton the plane indicated by the line 2-2 30 bolt is untightened, and alsothe. advantage, of of Fig. 5; r permitting the blade to'be swung from one side Fig. 3'is a plan view, somewhat diagrammatic, of the tool stock over to the opposite sidethereof of a portion of the blade and head, developing without disassembling theparts, but it has the the manner in which these two parts are assemdisadvantageof not permitting of the separation bled or taken apart; I 5

of the blade and the head without a complete Fig. 4is aperspective illustration of the clampremoval of theclamping nut which is liable to ing bolt and nut carriedthereby; become lostv or misplaced, as is also the boltwith v Fig. 5 is a detailed front view of the head; which it is associated. Fig. 6 is a viewsimilar to Fig. 1 but showing 40 Bearing in mind the foregoing, this invention another embodiment of the invention; and

has in view theprovision'of an adjustable square Fig. 7 is a sectional view taken on line 7-! which combines the advantageous featuresof the of Fig. 6. construction referred to and wherein the de- Referring to the drawings, the square is shown scribed disadvantages inherent in those structures as having a head, which is designated generally 5 are overcome and eliminated. In carrying out by thereference character A. The blade ofthe this thought, the arrangement is such as to persquare is designated B in the embodiment shown mit of sliding movement between the parts so in Figs. 1 to 5, and Bin theembodiment shown that the blade may be longitudinally adjusted in in Figs. -6 and 7. The blade, in each instance, the. ordinary use of thesquare; the blade may be may be of any suitable dimensions, and it has swung'from one side of the head to the other each edge calibrated, as shown at 1 and 2. In 50 side without detaching the blade, and the blade 'each' embodiment, the blade has a longitudinalmay be entirely removed from the square headat 1y extending channel, preferably along its medial will, all without any danger of accidentally losing portion, and this channel has a stop or abutment the blade or parts of the bolt mechanism. at each end. In Fig. 1, the blade B is shown as .55 An important object of the invention is to prohaving a channelin the form of a slot 3 extend- 5 ing substantially from a point midway of the extremities of the blade to a point referred to as 4, which is spaced a distance from one end of the blade which is slightly less than the distance between either of the side edges and the slot 3, this for a purpose later to be described in detail. The ends of the slot constitute stops. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 6, the channel in the'blade is in'the form of a longitudinal groove 3' in one side thereof. This groove has, adjacent each end, a stop 4' which may be formed by separate stud portions, butthe stops are preferably formed by making small integral projections in the groove," as by extruding the metal into the groove from the opposite side of the blade. The groove, by preference, is curved in cross section, although this is not necessary.

The head A is shown as comprising edge portions 5 and 6 which are connected by structure designated? and the edge portion 8 which is perpendicular to the edge 5. The portions 5 and 6 are disposed at an angle of with respect to one another whereby they are constituted a mitre gauge. A groove 9 is formed in the edge portion 8 and this groove is designed to receive the blade B.

The structure '7 includes a cross-piece 10 and a web 11 which is divided to provide the groove 9. The portion 10 is enlarged as shown at 12 and this enlarged portion is bored to provide an opening in alignment with a corresponding opening in the web 11, which opening is defined by deformed portions 13 of the web 11 on each side of the groove 9. A clamping bolt 14 is slightly reduced in diameter at one end as shown at 14c and this end is provided with an enlarged or flanged head 15. The other end of the bolt 14 is cut away as shown at 16 and a projection ,or pin 1'7 extends from the flattened surface of the cut-away portion. Intermediate the portion 15 and 16, the bolt 14 is provided with threads as shown at 18. A nut 19 is carried by the bolt 14 and is adapted to slide over the portion 14a or be screwed onto the threads 18.

1 By referring to Figs. 1 and 6, it will be noted that, when the bolt 14 is positioned in the bores of the portions 12 and 13, the framework 7 will prevent withdrawal of the bolt in one direction, while the nut 19 prevents withdrawal in the other direction. The nut 19 is retained on the bolt by the head .15 and a cross-piece 10.

When the device is in its assembled position, the projection 17 extends into the slot 3 (or the groove 3) and the nut 19 is tightened against the cross-piecev 10 to securely clamp the head A against the blade. When the head and blade are to be adjusted, the nut 19 may be unscrewed slightly to permit of this relative sliding movement. When the parts are to be disassembled, the nut 19 is entirely unscrewed from the threads 18 and moved out over the reduced portion 14a. The head A is then moved longitudinally along the blade B until the projection 17 reaches the end of the slot 3, whereupon the head may be swung over into the dotted line position of Fig. 1. In this position, the end of the blade is disposed entirely outside of the groove 9 and may be moved laterally to completely disengage the head from the blade. When the parts are to be again assembled, these operations are reversed. Regardless of whether the head and blade are assembled, the bolt 14 and nut 19 are always nection with the accompanying drawing, it will be seen that, in each embodiment, the blade may be longitudinally adjusted by slightly untightening the nut 19 and then tightening it up again after the adjustment has been made. When making such adjustment, there is no likelihood of the blade coming loose from the head for, in the event the blade should tend to drop down due to gravity, the engagement of the projection 17 against one of the stops in the channel would prevent the blade from being disengaged. When it is desired to swing the blade from one side to the other, this may be readily done as previously described. When it is desired to remove the blade, the nut can be unscrewed from the threaded portion 18 and the head brought to the dotted line position-shownin Fig. 1 and in which position the blade is clear of the slot 9. The blade and the head can then be used separately. The

nut and the bolt cannot become displaced from the head. Thus, the objects of the present invention are obtained.

As many changes could be made in the above construction and many apparently widely different embodiments of this invention could be made without departing from the scope thereof, it is intended that all matter contained in the above description or shown in the accompanying drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

It is also to be understood that the language used in the following claims is intended to cover all of the generic and specific features of the invention herein described and all statements of the scope of the inventionwhich, as a matter of language, might be said to fall therebetween.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a tool of the character described, a head provided with a groove, a blade slidably mounted in said groove and having a channel closed at each end, a bolt carried by said head and having a projection engaging in said channel, and a nut threaded on said bolt, said bolt being formed with means for permanently retaining the nut thereon.

2. In a tool of the character described, a head provided with a groove, a blade slidably mounted in said groove and having a longitudinally extending channel closed at each end, a bolt carried by said head and having, adjacent one end, a projection adapted to engage in said channel, and a nut threaded on said bolt, the other end of said bolt being headed to hold the nut permanently on the bolt.

3. In a tool of the character described, a head having a groove, a blade one edge of which is adapted to engage in said groove and is adapted to be clamped against the bottom of said groove, said blade having a longitudinally extending channel closed at each end, a bolt carried by said head and having a threaded portion between its ends, a flat portion provided with a projection engaging in said channel and a reduced portion at its other end flanged at its extremity, and a nut on said bolt.

4. In a tool of the character described, a head having mitre faces disposed at an angle of 45 degrees and a surface connecting said faces and perpendicular to one of them, said last mentioned face being formed with a groove therein, a bolt having a screw threaded portion carried by the head, a clamping nut for said bolt, means for retaining the bolt on the head and rendering the same movable relative to the head comprising a head on the bolt and a shank portion of reduced diameter between said screw threaded portion and said head passing through said nut, said bolt nel, the distance between one end of the channel being formed with a projection substantially perand the end of the blade being less than the dispendicular thereto, and a, blade adapted to be tance between one side of the blade and the received by said groove and. having a closed chanchannel.

5 nel extending longitudinally thereof, the projec- AUSTIN L. STOWELL. 5

tion on the bolt being adapted to fit in said chan- 

